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The Marland report is a 1972 report to the Congress of the United States by S. P. Marland, which contains a widely known definition of giftedness of children. It is the first national report on gifted education. One of its most compelling major findings was: The deleterious effects of failing to provide GT services is corroborated by recent research: The other summary conclusions in the Marland Report are as follows: * The U.S. had between 1.5 and 2.5 million gifted and talented (GT) students, and only a small fraction received appropriate educational services. * Federal, state, and local authorities considered differentiated education for these students to be a low priority. * The existing legislation in 21 states was largely ineffective. * Funding, various crises, and personnel shortages undermined GT services. * Identification of GT students was hampered not only by testing costs, but by both apathy and hostility among teachers, administrators, guidance counselors and psychologists. * Services for GT students inherently serve disadvantaged populations (with the implication that GT incidence is universal). * Effective, measurable means of serving GT students were in existence. * State and local education agencies looked to the Federal government for leadership. * The Federal role in the delivery of GT services was virtually non-existent. Regarding the final point, after nearly four decades, the Federal government's stance is unchanged, allocating 0.02% of its budget (approximately $10 million of $54 billion in FY 2007) to GT education via the Jacob Javits Gifted and Talented Students Education Act. A partial electronic version of the Marland Report is available online.〔http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=ED080743〕 ==Further reading== * Marland, S. P., Jr. (1972). Education of the gifted and talented: Report to the Congress of the United States by the U.S. Commissioner of Education and background papers submitted to the U.S. Office of Education, 2 vols. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. (Government Documents Y4.L 11/2: G36) * * 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Marland report」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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